Bipolar disorder is a complex and often misunderstood mental health condition. Despite increased awareness and advancements in mental health education, numerous myths and common misconceptions about bipolar disorder remain. These bipolar disorder myths can contribute to stigma, prevent individuals from seeking treatment, and impede the understanding of what it truly means to live with bipolar disorder. By addressing and debunking these common myths about bipolar disorder, we can foster a more informed and compassionate perspective on bipolar disorder. Thereby, promoting better mental health support and reducing the barriers those affected face.
Types of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a relatively common mental health condition in the United States and is nothing to be embarrassed or ashamed about. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) reports that about 2.8% of adults have bipolar disorder. About 83% of those cases are severe. Bipolar disorder causes extreme emotional highs (mania) and depressive lows, accompanied by extreme mood swings and shifts in energy levels and focus.
Unfortunately, bipolar disorder is a complex condition that is difficult to diagnose since it mimics other mental health disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, and ADHD. Once an accurate bipolar diagnosis is confirmed, seeking treatment as soon as possible is critical to manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.
There are three different types of bipolar disorder. Each type has a wide range of symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose and pinpoint the treatment needed.
The three types of bipolar disorder are:
Bipolar Disorder l
This type of bipolar disorder involves manic episodes lasting at least 7 days or when an individual experiences manic symptoms so severe they need immediate medical attention. This type also involves depressive episodes that often last at least two weeks at a time.
Bipolar Disorder ll
This type of bipolar disorder involves depressive and hypomanic episodes, which are less severe manic symptoms. Therefore, the manic episodes are less harsh than those of Bipolar I disorder.
Cyclothymic Disorder
This third type is a recurrence of both hypomanic and depressive symptoms. However, both periods of symptoms are neither as intense nor as long in quality to qualify as distinct hypomanic or depressive episodes.
While all types of bipolar disorder involve noticeable changes in mood and energy levels, each type differs mainly in the severity and duration of the symptoms. Understanding these types is crucial for debunking common myths about bipolar disorder and promoting a more accurate perception of the condition.
Signs of Bipolar Disorder
Those who have bipolar disorder will often experience intense mood swings or “mood episodes” ranging from extreme highs (mania) to deep lows (depression). A manic or depressive episode lasts most of the day and may last for days or weeks.
Both the manic and depressive bipolar disorder episodes have a variety of symptoms:
Manic Episode
- Feeling very up, high, or extremely irritable
- More energy than usual
- Less need for sleep but still plenty of energy
- Intense urge for pleasurable activities like eating, drinking, and sex
- Feeling unusually important, talented, or powerful
- Racing thoughts
- Talkativeness
Depressive Episode
- Feeling very down or anxious
- Insomnia or sleeping too much
- Restlessness
- Forgetfulness
- Lack of interest in all areas of life
- Feeling hopeless or worthless
- Thoughts of death or suicide
The depressive side of bipolar disorder is serious, and suicide is a significant risk factor. Those with bipolar disorder and other mental illnesses are at a greater risk of suicide without proper treatment.
While the above three types of bipolar are common, individuals can still experience significant bipolar symptoms outside the above three categories. Also, co-occurring disorders, like drug use, can affect symptoms, making bipolar disorder more difficult to diagnose.
Top 5 Common Myths About Bipolar Disorder
Although popular culture is doing a better job depicting mental health disorders and society is becoming better educated and accepting overall, there are still many stigmas attached based on longtime myths and misconceptions about bipolar disorder.
Here are 5 common bipolar disorder myths dispelled:
1. Bipolar l Is Less Severe Than Bipolar ll
These two types of bipolar disorder have significant differences. While the mania in Bipolar I is often more intense and may require hospitalization, the depressive episodes in Bipolar II are usually more severe and longer lasting. Both disorders can be debilitating and interfere with daily functioning.
Common misconceptions about bipolar disorder include the belief that Bipolar I is less severe, but the reality is that each type presents unique challenges that can severely impact an individual’s life. Treatment and management strategies must be tailored to the specific type and severity of symptoms experienced.
2. Substance Abuse Causes Bipolar
The exact cause of bipolar disorder is not fully understood. Genetics, environmental factors, and brain structure all play a role in its development. While substance abuse can exacerbate symptoms of bipolar disorder, complicating its diagnosis and treatment, it is not the root cause.
This misconception about bipolar disorder can lead to misunderstanding and stigmatization of those who struggle with both conditions. Recognizing the complex interplay of factors that contribute to bipolar disorder is crucial for providing effective and compassionate care.
3. Bipolar People Can’t Keep a Job
Another of the common myths about bipolar disorder is that individuals with the condition cannot maintain employment. In reality, many individuals with bipolar disorder are successful in their careers and have steady jobs. Work can provide a sense of purpose, structure, and social interaction, all of which can contribute to reducing symptoms of depression and enhancing overall well-being. With appropriate treatment and support, people with bipolar disorder can thrive in various professional settings, just like anyone else.
4. Bipolar Only Affects Adults
While bipolar disorder can be diagnosed in children, it is often challenging due to the natural mood swings and temperamental behaviors typical of childhood. In addition, misconceptions about bipolar disorder can lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment for younger individuals who exhibit symptoms.
Symptoms of bipolar disorder become more apparent and diagnosable during the teenage years. On average, individuals are diagnosed with bipolar disorder by age 25. Early recognition and intervention are key to managing the disorder effectively.
5. Medication is the Only Treatment Option for Bipolar
While medication is a crucial component in managing bipolar disorder, it is not the only treatment option. A comprehensive approach that includes diet, exercise, adequate sleep, and psychotherapy can significantly help manage symptoms. Psychotherapy, in particular, can assist individuals in understanding and navigating their triggers, developing coping strategies, and improving overall mental health.
This misconception about bipolar disorder overlooks the multifaceted nature of effective treatment, which often involves a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.
It’s important to be aware of the common myths about bipolar disorder that can prevent people from seeking help. Bipolar disorder typically lasts throughout a lifespan. However, with appropriate treatment, individuals can manage their symptoms effectively and live normal lives.
Anyone grappling with bipolar disorder should call a healthcare professional immediately. If suicidal thoughts happen, call the National Suicide Prevention Hotline at 988 to connect with a professional who can offer immediate help. There are many ways of dealing with bipolar disorder. The most important thing is to take that first step to get help.
Supporting Someone With Bipolar Disorder
When dealing with a friend or loved one who has bipolar disorder, there are a few things that help support someone with bipolar disorder:
- Listen without judgment
- Learn all there is about bipolar disorder
- Offer emotional suport
- Recognize the warning signs of mood swings
- Establish trust
- Encourage a routine
- Stay calm during episodes
- Encourage self-care and healthy lifestyle choices
Getting through to a loved one and helping them seek the clarity, support, and tools they need to manage their bipolar by seeking professional help is ultimately the best approach.
Moving Beyond Common Myths About Bipolar Disorder
At Spirit Mountain Recovery, we are dedicated to providing accurate information and compassionate care to those affected by bipolar disorder. Our commitment to education and evidence-based treatment ensures that individuals receive the help they need without the burden of stigma and misinformation. Together, we can overcome these bipolar myths and support a journey toward better mental health and well-being.
Contact us today to discuss your concerns and learn more about our treatment programs and services. By addressing and debunking the common myths about bipolar disorder, we strive to foster a more understanding and supportive community. Thank you for joining us in this important conversation.
